ENDOCRINOLOGY
The Endocrine system is another essential system of the body which consists of ductless glands mainly the adrenal, hypothalamus, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, ovaries and testes which secretes the hormones directly in the blood, that are necessary and significant to the body development, processes and growth. They go to the different organd in the body and maintain the balance and equilibrium for normal processes to take place.
For a deeper learning and understanding on the said topic above, please view this:
http://www.5min.com/Video/Learn-about-The-Endocrine-Glands-117503450
Endocrinology, on the other hand, is a study and branch of medicine dealing with these hormones along with their specific functions, development, physiological roles and significance in the body. It explains and discusses the endocrine glands further and their secretions which affects the body processes in different ways which sometimes lead to disorders. That's why it is also a branch of Science which aids in the diagnosis and treatment of the disorders that may arise.
One of the important hormones is the TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) which enables the thyroid glands to produce or secrete more hormones. Along with these are the adrenaline, calcitonin, Parathyroid hormone, Triiodothyronine (T3) and many more wherein all are secreted by different glands and has specific and different functions. They bind to specific receptors in the organ as their target.
TOXICOLOGY
As to the meaning of the word, toxic is an adjective that describes a dangerous, bad and sometimes deadly product or anything that may cause adverse and harmful effect. This also applies to another branch of Science called the Toxicology wherein it tells of the different chemicals and drugs that may poison, destroy and greatly affect living organisms. As to knowing the speicific chemicals that have these effects, it also aims to determine and study their nature, the main cause, their content, and the treatment.
To understand food safety and toxicology, link to this site:
http://www.metacafe.com/watch/3492795/food_safety_and_toxicology/
Toxicology is a broad field which is used to describe the cellular and biochemical effects of the toxins, testing animals so as to know the effects it will have on humans and to define toxin exposure and its levels. The dose and effects of the chemical plays a very important role in determining the level of exposure of a person. Potentially dangerous chemical contaminants that affects humans may be found from pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, metals in seafoods, plastic container contaminants, methanol and some in drugs.
As it is commonly taught in the laboratory, there are various chemicals that may be poisonous in the body that's why careful handling is strictly advised to students so as to avoid accidents. Exposure to toxins through accidents is commonly encountered as compared to other causes which may be suicide, or abuse and addiction. The victim may be exposed through inhalation, ingestion or transdermally.
DRUG TESTING
One of the most prevalent cause of crime and illegal actions since then is the use of prohibited drugs. Addiction is the main cause of the abuse due to the relieving effect it gives the person upon intake which makes him/ her ask for more and more. However, any drugs that are mistakenly handled and used gives a bad effect and can be so harmful to the user. It may affect his mental behaviors and moreso, his physical health and his decision making abilities. It damages the body parts and organs by and by, little by little.
This is the reason why usage of the drugs and prohibition of illegal drugs is highly stressed and emphasized. Along with this, drug test was made so as to detect and find those who are in the influence of these dangerous and deadly drugs. Drug test is an analysis of different specimens such as urine, saliva, blood, sweat, etc. which aids in determining the presence of any drug metabolites. Urinalyis is the most commonly used test type on drug testing.
Each of the drugs have different detection periods. Some can be easily obtained after 24 hours with the use of urine as the specimen like ecstasy and alcohol. Some takes longer times and period to be detected depending on the specimen used. In performing drug test, the employer must follow a procedure and steps from the collection on to the delivery of the result.
To view the steps to be followed on drug testing, link to this site:
http://www.metacafe.com/watch/2796772/origin_diagnostics_drug_testing/
